1. Water Quality & Temperature
Water quality is paramount for the health and well-being of your Oranda Goldfish. Here’s how to manage it:

• Water Type:
  For best results, use Borewell water free from harmful chemicals such as chlorine and chloramine. If using tap water, be sure to treat it with an anti-chlorine medication to neutralize harmful substances.

• Ideal Temperature:
  Oranda Goldfish are cold-water species and should be kept in a temperature range of 18-22°C (64-72°F). Maintaining a stable temperature is crucial, as drastic fluctuations can cause stress and health problems.

• pH Levels:
  The ideal pH level for Orandas is between 7.0 and 7.5, which is slightly alkaline. This range ensures the fish’s comfort and overall health.

• Water Filtration:
  A strong filtration system is necessary to keep the water clean and well-oxygenated, as Orandas produce a considerable amount of waste. It’s recommended to use a filter that offers biological, mechanical, and chemical filtration.

• Regular Water Changes:
  Perform weekly water changes of around 30% to maintain a clean and healthy environment. This helps prevent the build-up of harmful toxins and keeps the water quality stable.

2. Tank Size & Setup
Oranda Goldfish require a minimum of 20 gallons (75 liters) of water for one fish. If you plan to keep multiple Orandas, increase the tank size accordingly—additional space will ensure each fish has room to swim and grow without overcrowding.

• Tank Setup:
  Orandas do best in a simple aquascape with smooth rocks or plants to provide hiding spots. Avoid sharp decorations or objects that could damage their delicate fins and skin. A gentle filtration system is recommended to prevent strong water currents.

3. Tank Mates & Compatibility
Oranda Goldfish are peaceful and social fish, making them suitable for community tanks.

• Ideal Tank Mates:
  Other peaceful fish like Ranchu, Ryukin, and Lionhead goldfish, as well as Corydoras Catfish and Rasboras, are great tankmates for Orandas.

• Avoid Aggressive Species:
  Orandas should not be housed with fast or aggressive fish, as they may become stressed or injured.

4. Feeding
Orandas have a varied diet and thrive on nutritious food sources:

• Staple Diet:
  High-quality goldfish pellets should form the base of their diet. These are specially formulated to provide all the essential nutrients for goldfish.

• Vegetables:
  Orandas enjoy blanched vegetables such as peas, spinach, and lettuce, which provide essential fiber and nutrients.

• Live or Frozen Foods:
  Occasionally feed them live foods like brine shrimp, bloodworms, or daphnia to provide protein and variety in their diet.

• Feeding Frequency:
  Feed your Oranda once or twice daily, offering only as much food as they can consume in 2-3 minutes to avoid overfeeding and water contamination.

5. Common Health Issues
Like all goldfish, Oranda Goldfish can suffer from certain health problems if not properly cared for:

• Swim Bladder Disease:
  Caused by poor diet or water quality, this can make it difficult for the Oranda to maintain buoyancy. Regular water changes and a balanced diet can help prevent this.

• Fin Rot & Fungal Infections:
  Poor water conditions can lead to fin rot or fungal infections. Ensuring a clean tank and stable water quality is essential to prevent these diseases.

• Ich (White Spot Disease):
  A common parasitic infection, Ich manifests as white spots on the fish's body. It can be treated with salt baths and increased water temperature.

6. Breeding
Oranda Goldfish breeding requires stable water conditions, a spacious tank, and plenty of hiding spots for the fish to lay their eggs. Female Orandas will lay eggs on flat surfaces, and males will fertilize them. It's important to have good filtration and consistent water changes for successful breeding.